Master programming syntax, solve interactive challenges & run live code in Syntaxis Explore Arena →
menu_book Course Curriculum (SAS Complete Course) expand_more
DATA Step Basics
DATA statement SET statement INPUT statement DATALINES LENGTH statement FORMAT statement INFORMAT statement LABEL statement KEEP statement DROP statement
Row Processing
IF THEN ELSE WHERE statement SELECT WHEN DO loop DO WHILE DO UNTIL RETAIN statement SUM statement FIRST. and LAST. variables Automatic _N_ variable
Functions
CATX function SUBSTR function SCAN function UPCASE and LOWCASE COMPRESS function INPUT function PUT function INTNX function INTCK function COALESCE function
PROC SQL
PROC SQL SELECT CREATE TABLE AS INNER JOIN LEFT JOIN GROUP BY HAVING CASE in SQL Subquery CALCULATED keyword SQL macro variable INTO
Sorting & Summaries
PROC SORT BY statement NODUPKEY PROC FREQ PROC MEANS CLASS statement VAR statement OUTPUT statement PROC SUMMARY PROC UNIVARIATE
Merging & Reshaping
MERGE statement BY-group merge IN= data set option One-to-many merge UPDATE statement MODIFY statement PROC TRANSPOSE ARRAY statement DO OVER array Hash object lookup
Macro Language
%LET Macro variable reference %MACRO and %MEND Macro parameters %IF %THEN %DO loop CALL SYMPUTX SYMGET %SYSFUNC Macro quoting %SUPERQ
Data Access & Production
LIBNAME statement PROC IMPORT PROC EXPORT ODS HTML ODS PDF PROC DATASETS PROC CONTENTS Indexes in SAS Views Error handling with SYSERR
SAS Complete Course / Functions

UPCASE and LOWCASE

Learn UPCASE and LOWCASE in SAS through the exact construct, a dedicated example, a boundary case, and a mastery check.

10 min read • Intermediate

UPCASE and LOWCASE is an atomic SAS lesson inside Functions. The example uses the specific syntax, command, API, instruction, or language rule named by this lesson.

Study the construct itself, then change one relevant input and predict the result before running it. That keeps this lesson focused on UPCASE and LOWCASE rather than on generic SAS syntax.

Topic-specific example

sas-03-04.sas
sas Try It Live 
data _null_; a=upcase("Sas"); b=lowcase("DATA"); put a= b=; run;
Edge case / engineering note

For UPCASE and LOWCASE, inspect the SAS log as well as the output data set; type conversion, missing values, and BY-group ordering can change results without stopping execution.

Content source & attribution
Original Syntaxis Content · Original Syntaxis Content

Lesson quizzes

UPCASE and LOWCASE Mastery Check →
← PREVIOUS
SCAN function
NEXT →
COMPRESS function